University of Central Florida (UCF) PCB4524 Molecular Biology II Practice Exam 1

RNA polymerase (RNAP) is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during transcription. One of the key characteristics of RNA polymerase is that it does not require a primer to initiate this process. Unlike DNA polymerase, which needs a short RNA or DNA primer to provide a starting point for nucleic acid synthesis, RNA polymerase can start synthesizing RNA chains de novo.

When RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of a gene on the DNA template, it does so without the need for an existing strand of nucleic acid to add onto. It begins the synthesis of RNA by incorporating ribonucleotides one at a time, based on the complementary sequence of the DNA template strand. This property is crucial because it allows for a more straightforward initiation of transcription.

In contrast, options like the requirement for a DNA template are essential, as RNAP requires this template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule. Similarly, an RNA template is necessary for RNA-dependent RNA synthesis, and a DNA primer is not a concept that applies to RNA polymerization since no primer is needed at all in this case. Therefore, the absence of a need for an RNA primer is what makes it the correct choice in this context.